Mar. 17, 2013 ? An international research team announces the first scientific results from one of the most inaccessible places on Earth: the bottom of the Mariana Trench located nearly 11 kilometers below sea level in the western Pacific, which makes it the deepest site on Earth.
Their analyses document that a highly active bacteria community exists in the sediment of the trench -- even though the environment is under extreme pressure almost 1,100 times higher than at sea level.
In fact, the trench sediments house almost 10 times more bacteria than in the sediments of the surrounding abyssal plain at much shallower water depth of 5-6 km water.
Deep sea trenches are hot spots
Deep sea trenches act as hot spots for microbial activity because they receive an unusually high flux of organic matter, made up of dead animals, algae and other microbes, sourced from the surrounding much shallower sea-bottom. It is likely that some of this material becomes dislodged from the shallower depths during earthquakes, which are common in the area. So, even though deep sea trenches like the Mariana Trench only amount to about two percent of the World Ocean area, they have a relatively larger impact on marine carbon balance -- and thus on the global carbon cycle, says Professor Ronnie Glud from Nordic Center for Earth Evolution at the University of Southern Denmark.
Ronnie Glud and researchers from Germany (HGF-MPG Research Group on Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology of the Max Planck Institute in Bremen and Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven), Japan (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology), Scotland (Scottish Association for Marine Science) and Denmark (University of Copenhagen), explore the deepest parts of the oceans, and the team's first results from these extreme environments are today published in the journal Nature Geoscience.
Diving robot
One of the team's methods was to measure the distribution of oxygen into these trench sediments as this can be related to the activity of microbes in the sediments. It is technically and logistically challenging to perform such measurements at great depths, but it is necessary in order to get accurate data on rates of bacterial activity. "If we retrieve samples from the seabed to investigate them in the laboratory, many of the microorganisms that have adapted to life at these extreme conditions will die, due to the changes in temperature and pressure. Therefore, we have developed instruments that can autonomously perform preprogrammed measuring routines directly on the seabed at the extreme pressure of the Marianas Trench," says Ronnie Glud. The research team has, together with different companies, designed the underwater robot which stands almost 4 m tall and weighs 600 kg. Among other things, the robot is equipped with ultrathin sensors that are gently inserted into the seabed to measure the distribution of oxygen at a high spatial resolution.
"We have also made videos from the bottom of the Mariana Trench, and they confirm that there are very few large animals at these depths. Rather, we find a world dominated by microbes that are adapted to function effectively at conditions highly inhospitable to most higher organisms," says Ronnie Glud.
The remaining "white spots"
The expedition of the Mariana Trench took place in 2010. Since then, the research team has sent their underwater robot to the bottom of the Japan Trench which is approximately 9 km deep, and later this year they are planning a dive in the world's second deepest trench, the 10.8 kilometers deep Kermadec-Tonga Trench near Fiji in the Pacific.
"The deep sea trenches are some of the last remaining "white spots" on the world map. We know very little about what is going on down there or which impact the deep sea trenches have on the global carbon cycle as well as climate regulation. Furthermore, we are very interested in describing and understanding the unique bacterial communities that thrive in these exceptional environments. Data from multiple deep sea trenches will allow us to find out how the general conditions are at extreme depths, but also the specific conditions for each particular trench -- that may experience very different deposition regimes. This will contribute to our general understanding of Earth and its development, says Ronnie Glud.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Southern Denmark, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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Journal Reference:
Ronnie N. Glud, Frank Wenzh?fer, Mathias Middelboe, Kazumasa Oguri, Robert Turnewitsch, Donald E. Canfield & Hiroshi Kitazato. High rate of microbial carbon turnover in sediments in the deepest oceanic trench on Earth. Nature Geoscience, 2013 (in press) DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1773
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HOUSTON (AP) ? Even Houston coach Kevin McHale is caught up in the Miami Heat's winning streak, and he wouldn't mind seeing it continue against his former team.
Miami plays in Boston on Monday night, seeking its 23rd consecutive victory. The Heat beat Toronto 108-91 on Sunday to tie the 2007-08 Rockets for the second-longest winning streak in NBA history. Those Rockets were coached by Rick Adelman and McHale succeeded him in 2011.
McHale won three championships and was a seven-time All-Star during his time with the Celtics from 1980-93. He watched part of Miami's win on Sunday and would like to see the Heat keep it going in Boston.
"I'd kind of like to see the streak go a little bit, because it's so unique," McHale said before the Rockets played Golden State on Sunday night. "It's cool and I think that everybody starts watching the NBA a little bit more. It's good for the league."
McHale is impressed that the Heat's streak has lasted this long. He acknowledged that even his best Boston teams lost their focus when they got on long winning streaks.
"You do get bored a little bit, and you get complacent," McHale said. "You start taking for granted that you're going to win and then you need to lose one or two, and then you need to get refocused and play. That's just what happens.
"It's a grind, the NBA is," he said. "The thing I've always been impressed about with long winning streaks is the fact that you keep your concentration long enough to do it. You win 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 in a row, you go into a bad team, it's this late in the year, that's usually when you stumble."
The NBA's longest streak is 33 games, set by the 1971-72 Los Angeles Lakers. Having LeBron James helps Miami's chances of reaching that milestone, McHale said, but he thinks the Heat also need his supporting cast to keep playing well, too.
"They've had great games from (Chris) 'Birdman' Andersen, who came off the waiver wire," McHale said. "They've got nice symmetry going. It'll be interesting to see what happens with the streak."
MOSCOW (AP) ? A Soyuz space capsule carrying an American astronaut and two Russian cosmonauts landed Saturday morning on the foggy steppes of Kazakhstan, safely returning the three men to Earth after a 144-day mission to the International Space Station.
NASA's Kevin Ford and Russians Oleg Novitsky and Yevgeny Tarelkin had been scheduled to return on Friday, but the landing was postponed by a day because of bad weather.
Live footage on NASA TV showed all three men smiling as they were helped out of the capsule and into reclining chairs to begin their acclimatization to Earth's gravity after nearly five months in space.
A NASA TV commentator said only two of 12 search and rescue helicopters were allowed to land at the touchdown site because of heavy clouds and fog. So instead of being placed in an inflatable medical tent for checks, the astronauts were taken fairly quickly to one of the helicopters. The temperature at the time was well below freezing.
The crew was then flown to Kostanai, the staging site in Kazakhstan, where they posed for more photographs. Ford put on a traditional felt Kazakh hat and draped a matching coat over his flight suit, while holding up a matryoshka nesting doll of himself ? all souvenirs of the mission that began and ended in the Central Asian country.
The three men blasted off on Oct. 23 from the Baikonur cosmodrome, which Russia leases from Kazakhstan.
Vladimir Popovkin, the head of the Russian space agency, described the crew as "giving off good vibes, that they are a united and friendly team," the Interfax news agency reported.
Space officials said Ford would be flown to Houston, Texas, while the Russians would return to the space training facility outside Moscow.
Their return voyage to Earth began with the Russian-made capsule undocking from the space station at 5:43 a.m. local time (1143gmt Friday) and beginning its slow drift away. The craft made a "flawless entry" back into the Earth's atmosphere, descended through heavy cloud cover and landed perfectly in an upright position at around 9:10 a.m. (0310gmt), the NASA commentator said.
Three other astronauts ? from Russia, the U.S. and Canada ? remain at the space station. The next three-man crew ? two Russians and an American ? is scheduled to launch from the Baikonur cosmodrome on March 29.
LAS VEGAS (AP) ? The sign may read "For Sale" outside the sprawling southeast Las Vegas estate that Wayne Newton dubbed "Casa de Shenandoah."
But Newton's wife, Kathleen McCrone Newton, said Friday that even if a bidder snatches up the property at auction May 31, the "Mr. Las Vegas" crooner and his family have no intention of moving out.
"We stay here until we choose to leave. We have that right," Kathleen Newton told The Associated Press. "Even if at some point the property gets sold, it gets sold with us here."
She said a lease with a partnership that purchased the nearly 40-acre property for $19.5 million in June 2010 will let the couple and their 10-year-old daughter stay in the gold-trimmed opulent main house.
The mansion, featuring 17th century antiques and keepsakes from performers like Frank Sinatra, Elvis Presley and Bobby Darin, was to have been the featured attraction in a "Graceland West" attraction commemorating the career of the 70-year-old "Mr. Las Vegas" crooner. But those plans have crumbled.
Kathleen Newton's sister, Trisha McCrone, lives in another home on the property. Newton's 92-year-old former longtime personal secretary, Mona Matoba, lives in a third.
An exotic menagerie including Newton's penguins, swans and Arabian horses also stay, Kathleen Newton said.
Well, maybe not, said Joseph Wielebinski, a Dallas-based lawyer representing the property owner, CSD LLC, in a bitterly contested Chapter 11 reorganization.
"We have teed up that issue for resolution by the judge," Wielebinski said. "It is anything but certain whether the Newtons remain on the property or not."
The Newtons don't own the Casa de Shenandoah property anymore, Wielebinski said. While Newton certainly owns his famous Arabian horses, he doesn't own the irrigated green pastures where they graze or the barns where they're kept. And leases can be broken during bankruptcy reorganization.
"This is a business divorce. Everything is contested," Wielebinski said.
U.S. Bankruptcy Court Judge Bruce Markell in Las Vegas is poised during hearings March 29 and April 8 to rule on questions about who owns what.
The judge last month approved letting CSD sell animals including two sloths, several wallabies and more than 100 birds including swans, a crowned crane, macaws and love birds for $27,300 to a wildlife center in northern Oregon.
Kellie Caron, curator at the Zoological Wildlife Conservation Center in Rainier, Ore., didn't list penguins among the animals she said she expects to be taking in. She said the animals involved in the sale belonged to CSD, not the Newtons.
The breakup is complicated by the structure of the June 2010 land purchase deal around which the Wayne Newton tourism attraction would have been built.
Wayne and Kathleen Newton, through a business entity called Sacred Land LLC, own 20 percent of their bankrupt landlord, CSC LLC. Lacy and Dorothy Harber of Texas, through DLH LLC, own 70 percent of the property ownership entity. CSD Management LLC, made up of project manager Steven Kennedy and his partner, Geneva Clark, have a 10 percent stake.
There is also intense acrimony between the parties. The two sides have traded allegations of fraud, mismanagement, animal abuse and sexual harassment even before the case reached bankruptcy court. Newton lawyer J. Stephen Peek alleged during a breach of contract hearing last summer in state court there had been death threats.
One thing that Newton attorney Bryce Kunimoto and Charles McCrea Jr., an attorney representing the Harbers, agreed upon Friday was that nothing was certain.
"Though CSD will probably disagree, the Newtons have a right under the lease to remain on the property," Kunimoto said.
McCrea said the Newtons may be able to remain in the three houses if they want.
"But they will not have control over the entire 'Casa de Shenandoah' property, only that portion occupied by the houses," he said. "The Newtons may decide they don't want to stay in the houses because they will have little say on what may be developed around them."
SAN FRANCISCO (Reuters) - Access to one of California's most exclusive strips of sand will soon become easier as a Malibu homeowner settles a decade-long legal battle that will result in a paved path to Carbon Beach, better known as "Billionaire's Beach."
The mile-long sandy strip boasts beach getaways owned by record mogul David Geffen, former Dodgers Chief Executive Jamie McCourt, and Oracle Chief Executive Larry Ellison. It also has been home to many movie stars, including John Travolta, Courtney Cox and David Arquette. Top architects including Michael Graves and Richard Meier built many of the residences.
Now one of the beach's residents, Lisette Ackerberg, has settled a longstanding dispute with the California Coastal Commission over beach access, the commission said Friday.
Ackerberg, the widow of Minnesota developer Norman Ackerberg and the daughter of Raymond Friedman, founder of financial-services company Refco, has agreed to pay $1.1 million and construct a paved pathway to be built by the end of 2014 from the Pacific Coast Highway across her property to the beach.
The Coastal Commission had been fighting since the early 2000s to get Ackerberg to comply with easements, or public rights of way, on her property. Ackerberg had sued the commission in 2009 in an attempt to overturn a cease-and-desist order it had filed to force her to clear the easements.
The disagreement underscores the difficulty of making good on a principal enshrined in California's constitution: that the state's beaches are public. But private landowners are not always required to allow access to the coastline across their property, and many disputes have arisen over the years - often involving wealthy beachfront homeowners.
In a similar case in northern California, beach lovers on Thursday staged a protest at San Mateo County's Martin's Beach. The access road has been closed since soon after the property was bought by venture capitalist Vinod Khosla in 2008.
Earlier this week, Surfrider Foundation, a coastal protection group, filed a lawsuit to open access to Martin's Beach, arguing that closing the approach amounted to a violation of the state's Coastal Act, which governs issues including shoreline access.
In Ackerberg's case, she had been fighting two easements dating from the 1980s that provided for beach access on her property. She had put up several impediments that blocked the easements, including large boulders, a fence, a wall and a tennis court.
A 2011 order from a California Superior Court judge required her to clear the right of way, but Ackerberg appealed the decision. Late last year, the state Supreme Court declined to hear the case.
"Although the Commission and I disagreed for several years about the meaning of the terms of the permits governing my property, I am pleased that the matter has been resolved," Ackerberg said in a press release. She also said she was pleased the access would be compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act, "something of great importance to me and my late husband."
A lawyer for Ackerberg, David Codell, referred a caller back to her statement in the press release.
"It's unfortunate that so much time, and so many resources had to be wasted over the last decade trying to get the public their rightful access to the beach," said Mary Shallenberger, chairwoman of the Coastal Commission. "But this is an outcome we can all feel proud of, and we are grateful to Mrs. Ackerberg for stepping forward and doing the right thing for the people of California."
The dispute echoes record mogul Geffen's long battle to prevent use of a walkway on his property along the same stretch of Malibu beach. In 1983, Geffen agreed to allow a pathway to Carbon Beach when he sought permits for a pool and other additions, but he later filed suit to fight the access. In 2005, Geffen settled the suit and allowed the public to use the walkway.
(Reporting by Sarah McBride; Editing by Lisa Shumaker)
NEW YORK (AP) ? For the first time in more than 60 years, more people moved into New York City than out last year, a turnaround that tracks changing attitudes about the nation's biggest city and urban living more broadly, officials and researchers said Thursday.
The net influx ? about 12,000 people ? is a small piece of the city's overall growth to a record high population of more than 8.3 million, according to census estimates released Thursday. But the statistic helps encapsulate New York's rebound from a decline that began after World War II and hit a nadir in the 1970s here and in many other big American cities.
It "reverses a trend that has been a fact of life for decades and that a number of pundits have talked about when they predicted the end of New York City," Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Thursday. "People vote with their feet. In the end, that's what really matters."
The city's population has grown by more than 161,500 people since 2010, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated. The increase is more than the entire population of Kansas City, Kan.; Savannah, Ga., or Hartford, Conn.
Mostly, New York City's growth is due to a widening gap between the numbers of births and deaths as life expectancy increases, according to city planners' analysis of the census estimates. But an influx of foreign immigrants in the last two years also played a role by outdistancing the number of New Yorkers who left town.
The data released Thursday don't show where the immigrants are coming from, but other data provide some clues, said Joseph Salvo, the city's chief demographer.
The city's Asian population has increased by about 30 percent over the last decade, largely due to growth in its Chinese, Indian and Bangladeshi populations, city planners said. And the already large Hispanic population has grown by about 8 percent.
Brooklyn saw the biggest growth among the city's five boroughs, gaining more than 60,000 residents, as people flocked to a borough increasingly seen as having all the cachet of Manhattan ? if not more ? with less of the cost.
Bloomberg hailed the population rise as a measure of the city's quality of life, crediting factors he often cites as key accomplishments on his 11-year watch: crime rates at historic lows, rising life expectancy and a public school system that has seen an aggressive, if not uncontroversial, overhaul. Since he took control of schools in 2002, changes have included expanding charter schools and closing schools deemed to be failing.
The influx of new New Yorkers also reflects a larger narrative of cultural shifts and changing fortunes in some of the nation's big cities, says Robert E. Lang, an urban affairs professor at the University of Nevada-Las Vegas.
After growth spurts as soldiers returned from World War II, cities began losing residents in the 1950s as suburbs rose: newer, roomier, seen as having better schools ? and havens for what became known as "white flight."
The trend hit a fever pitch in the 1970s, when New York and many other big cities saw their populations drop by 10 percent or more. New York became something of a symbol of urban dysfunction: a city that nearly went bankrupt, a place where trash piled up amid a garbage strike and a massive blackout struck as the Son of Sam serial killer was on the loose.
Local leadership and broader urban renewal efforts helped change that, but so did a movement in mindsets, Lang said.
"Generations change, and they change their views of where the good life is," he said. "New York is just the top of this whole change and is a dramatic example because of its size and importance as a city. But it's not alone."
Thursday's population estimates were for counties, not cities. But New York's boroughs are each counties of their own, so it could be measured ? unlike, for instance, Los Angeles County, which includes the city of Los Angeles and other municipalities.
New York City challenged the official 2010 census count of its population at less than 8.2 million, saying it was too low. The Census Bureau ultimately said the number would stand.
___
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It's been a long time since I've been a student - we still carried "books" to school and would often enter computer "clusters" where we would do "homework" on "PCs" running "Windows NT" - but I do remember the rush of being trusted with real-world projects by folks who looked at me as a cheap way to get a little work done. That's what StudentFreelance.com is all about: it lets companies hire students to do work without the rigamarole of Craigslist or a traditional HR route.
Samsung's been laying on the marketing glitz for the upcoming Galaxy S IV ahead its Samsung Unpacked 2013 event later today, perhaps because there'll be few surprises at the actual show thanks to all theleaks. A pair of videos have just been outed allegedly showing two new TouchWiz features from the upcoming handset: SmartPause and floating touch. The latter will display larger image thumbnails or an info box for contacts when you hover your finger over either, while SmartPause stops video from playing when you look away from it -- an eye-detection feature that had been rumored previously but never spotted in action. Naturally, this may not be the final hardware they're playing with, but you can judge for yourself after the break -- just turn your speakers first; the videos are a tad noisy.
There are more cars on the road each year. As this number increases, the chances of a car accident will also go up. The difference between a small bother and major obstacle can be your car insurance. So how can you figure out which type of insurance you need and how much to buy? Insurance requirements will differ by state/province, but usually include the following: Liability: Bodily injury and property damage that you are responsible for will be covered under this type of insurance. Bodily injury damages include medical fees, and lost wages. Property damage includes car repair costs and loss of property use. It also covers your defense and court costs if you are sued. Local laws usually mandate standard amounts, but larger amounts can be purchased and are extremely helpful. Personal Injury Protection: This type of insurance pays for hospital bills and other medical treatment for you and other people in your car, no matter who was at fault in the accident. It is commonly called no-fault coverage. It can also pay for lost earnings, service replacement and funeral expenses. Local government usually sets minimum amounts. Medical Payments: Medical payment coverage is available in states that are not considered no-fault; it pays regardless of who may be responsible. All reasonable medical or funeral expenses will be covered under this insurance coverage. Collision: Pays for damages to your car caused by a collision. Comprehensive: This type of insurance protection takes care of all non-collision damages. This may include fire and wind damage, vandalism, and robbery. Uninsured Motorist: If you are in an accident with a driver without insurance or a hit-and-run driver, this type of insurance coverage will protect you. Under-Insured Motorist: Pays for collision expenses when an insured person is in an accident caused by a driver who does not have the right amount of insurance to pay for the total amount of the damages. Other types of car insurance, such as emergency road service and car rental, can also be purchased. State Farm 20616
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AS IF being eyes in the sky weren't enough, drones are now getting arms and legs, too. With their newfound limbs they are learning to grab objects in mid-flight or even change a light bulb.
Inspired by the way a bald eagle swoops down to seize a fish from the water with its claws, Justin Thomas and colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia have developed a fast-acting, talon-like gripper for a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
When the team studied the eagle's behaviour, they noticed that the bird employed a useful trick to buy more time to grab its prey. The eagle would sweep its legs and claws backwards as its talons closed on a fish, so there was no need to slow down.
The team have mimicked the eagle's strategy by attaching a 3D-printed, three-fingered claw to a 10-centimetre-long motorised leg. With the appendage fixed below its centre of mass, the drone can snatch a stationary object as it flies by.
Meanwhile, at Drexel University, also in Philadelphia, Christopher Korpela is developing flight stability software for rotor-driven drones with arms. This will allow UAVs with limbs to carry a burden without the added mass making them fall out of the air.
To get around the problem, Korpela and colleagues are designing the software so the drone can reposition the load in flight to achieve better control ? something birds do naturally. "We are trying to compensate for the reactions the vehicle undergoes when it tries to open a door, for example," he says.
His aim is to allow a quad-rotor UAV to help out with tasks like bridge repair, pruning trees, fetching medication, using hand tools or even changing a light bulb. "A UAV with arms could perform the same tasks as a ground robot, but with a three-dimensional workspace," Korpela told New Scientist.
He will present the software in May at the International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Karlsruhe, Germany.
It will be a while before flying robots with arms and legs find their way into wider use, though. "We still have a long way to go to develop aircraft capable of safely interacting with people or the environment," says Korpela.
This article appeared in print under the headline "Drone makes like an eagle to snatch quarry on the fly"
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LA BioMed physician-researchers honored as top doctorsPublic release date: 13-Mar-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Laura Mecoy lmecoy@labiomed.org 310-546-5860 Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (LA BioMed)
Their clinical expertise enhances research and ensures patients benefit from discoveries
LOS ANGELES (March. 13, 2013) Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (LA BioMed) announced today that 33 of its physician-researchers rank among America's Top Doctors and/or among Southern California Super Doctors. The two honors are presented annually, and they are based on recommendations from other physicians and health care professions.
"We are proud of all of our researchers, and we are especially pleased to see our physician-researchers receive this well-deserved recognition," said David I. Meyer, PhD, LA BioMed president and CEO. "At LA BioMed, our physician-researchers inform and enrich our work with their clinical expertise and their ability to take discoveries from the lab to the patient. Every year, our physician-researchers achieve these standards of excellence, and they are honored as some of the best doctors in America and in Southern California."
Each year, the publisher, Castle Connolly, surveys thousands of physicians and other health care professionals to identify excellent doctors in every specialty in their region and throughout the nation to determine which physicians will rank among America's Top Doctors. In addition to mail and online surveys, Castle Connolly reported that its physician-led research team makes thousands of phone calls each year, talking with leading specialists, chairs of clinical departments and vice presidents of medical affairs, seeking to identify top specialists for most diseases and procedures.
The Southern California Super Doctors report recognizes approximately the top 5 percent of active doctors in Los Angeles and Orange counties. The selection process relies on peer review, surveying more than 30,000 physicians in Southern California to ensure that the physicians named are the most respected and talented in their fields.
To choose the Southern California Super Doctors, Key Professional Media, Inc., an independent firm, sends thousands of ballots to California physicians. Those ballots ask: "If you needed medical care, which doctor would you choose?" Several safeguards prevent against doctors nominating themselves and ballot manipulation.
An expert Blue Ribbon Panel groups the nominees into medical practice areas and assigns point totals based on individual reviews. Each doctor's professional information is verified to ensure it is accurate and up-to-date.
Among the LA BioMed physician-researchers named to the two lists are specialists in endocrinology, cardiology, gastroenterology, neurology, internal medicine, nephrology, oncology, obstetrics/gynecology, ophthalmology, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, pulmonary medicine, immunology and many other specialties.
Following is a list of the physician-researchers who were honored. (A * means the physician ranks among Southern California Super Doctors list published in 2013. A + means the physician ranks among America's Top Doctors 12th edition.)
Sharon G. Adler, MD *
Thomas L. Anderson, Jr., MD *
Arnold S. Bayer, M.D +
Marie H. Beall, MD*
Carol D. Berkowitz, MD+
Matthew J. Budoff, MD *+
Richard Casaburi, PhD, MD *
Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD +
Noah Craft, MD, PhD*
Eric S. Daar, MD *+
Christian M. de Virgilio, MD *
John E. Edwards, Jr., MD *+
William J. French, MD *+
Charles S. Grob, MD*
Eli Ipp, MD *+
Sherwin J. Isenberg, MD *+
Adam J. Jonas, MD* +
Margaret A. Keller, MD *
Iraj E. Khalkhali, MD*
Stanley R. Klein, MD*
Wai-Nang Paul Lee, MD *
Ira M. Lesser, MD *
Gregory R. Mason, MD *
Richard Mink, MD *
Anita L. Nelson, MD *
Ronald J. Oudiz, MD, FACC *
Brant A. Putnam, MD*
Michael G. Ross, MD, MPH *
Ronald S. Swerdloff, MD *
Christina Wang, MD *
Rodney A. White, MD* +
Sylvia Yeh, MD *
Kenneth M. Zangwill, MD*
###
About LA BioMed
Founded in 1952, LA BioMed is one of the country's leading nonprofit independent biomedical research institutes. It has approximately 100 principal researchers conducting studies into improved treatments and cures for cancer, inherited diseases, infectious diseases, illnesses caused by environmental factors and more. It also educates young scientists and provides community services, including prenatal counseling and childhood nutrition programs. LA BioMed is academically affiliated with the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and located on the campus of Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. For more information, please visit http://www.LABioMed.org
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LA BioMed physician-researchers honored as top doctorsPublic release date: 13-Mar-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Laura Mecoy lmecoy@labiomed.org 310-546-5860 Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (LA BioMed)
Their clinical expertise enhances research and ensures patients benefit from discoveries
LOS ANGELES (March. 13, 2013) Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (LA BioMed) announced today that 33 of its physician-researchers rank among America's Top Doctors and/or among Southern California Super Doctors. The two honors are presented annually, and they are based on recommendations from other physicians and health care professions.
"We are proud of all of our researchers, and we are especially pleased to see our physician-researchers receive this well-deserved recognition," said David I. Meyer, PhD, LA BioMed president and CEO. "At LA BioMed, our physician-researchers inform and enrich our work with their clinical expertise and their ability to take discoveries from the lab to the patient. Every year, our physician-researchers achieve these standards of excellence, and they are honored as some of the best doctors in America and in Southern California."
Each year, the publisher, Castle Connolly, surveys thousands of physicians and other health care professionals to identify excellent doctors in every specialty in their region and throughout the nation to determine which physicians will rank among America's Top Doctors. In addition to mail and online surveys, Castle Connolly reported that its physician-led research team makes thousands of phone calls each year, talking with leading specialists, chairs of clinical departments and vice presidents of medical affairs, seeking to identify top specialists for most diseases and procedures.
The Southern California Super Doctors report recognizes approximately the top 5 percent of active doctors in Los Angeles and Orange counties. The selection process relies on peer review, surveying more than 30,000 physicians in Southern California to ensure that the physicians named are the most respected and talented in their fields.
To choose the Southern California Super Doctors, Key Professional Media, Inc., an independent firm, sends thousands of ballots to California physicians. Those ballots ask: "If you needed medical care, which doctor would you choose?" Several safeguards prevent against doctors nominating themselves and ballot manipulation.
An expert Blue Ribbon Panel groups the nominees into medical practice areas and assigns point totals based on individual reviews. Each doctor's professional information is verified to ensure it is accurate and up-to-date.
Among the LA BioMed physician-researchers named to the two lists are specialists in endocrinology, cardiology, gastroenterology, neurology, internal medicine, nephrology, oncology, obstetrics/gynecology, ophthalmology, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, pulmonary medicine, immunology and many other specialties.
Following is a list of the physician-researchers who were honored. (A * means the physician ranks among Southern California Super Doctors list published in 2013. A + means the physician ranks among America's Top Doctors 12th edition.)
Sharon G. Adler, MD *
Thomas L. Anderson, Jr., MD *
Arnold S. Bayer, M.D +
Marie H. Beall, MD*
Carol D. Berkowitz, MD+
Matthew J. Budoff, MD *+
Richard Casaburi, PhD, MD *
Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD +
Noah Craft, MD, PhD*
Eric S. Daar, MD *+
Christian M. de Virgilio, MD *
John E. Edwards, Jr., MD *+
William J. French, MD *+
Charles S. Grob, MD*
Eli Ipp, MD *+
Sherwin J. Isenberg, MD *+
Adam J. Jonas, MD* +
Margaret A. Keller, MD *
Iraj E. Khalkhali, MD*
Stanley R. Klein, MD*
Wai-Nang Paul Lee, MD *
Ira M. Lesser, MD *
Gregory R. Mason, MD *
Richard Mink, MD *
Anita L. Nelson, MD *
Ronald J. Oudiz, MD, FACC *
Brant A. Putnam, MD*
Michael G. Ross, MD, MPH *
Ronald S. Swerdloff, MD *
Christina Wang, MD *
Rodney A. White, MD* +
Sylvia Yeh, MD *
Kenneth M. Zangwill, MD*
###
About LA BioMed
Founded in 1952, LA BioMed is one of the country's leading nonprofit independent biomedical research institutes. It has approximately 100 principal researchers conducting studies into improved treatments and cures for cancer, inherited diseases, infectious diseases, illnesses caused by environmental factors and more. It also educates young scientists and provides community services, including prenatal counseling and childhood nutrition programs. LA BioMed is academically affiliated with the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and located on the campus of Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. For more information, please visit http://www.LABioMed.org
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Mar. 13, 2013 ? One of the oldest forms of computer memory is back again -- but in a 21st century microscopic device designed by physicists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for possible use in a quantum computer.
The NIST team has demonstrated that information encoded as a specific point in a traveling microwave signal -- the vertical and horizontal positions of a wave pattern at a certain time -- can be transferred to the mechanical beat of a micro-drum and later retrieved with 65 percent efficiency, a good figure for experimental systems like this. The research is described in the March 14 issue of Nature.? "We believe the mechanical drum motion could be used as a kind of local memory for quantum information systems," NIST physicist Konrad Lehnert says. "These experiments live at the boundary between classical and quantum systems."
The technique harks back to "delay line memory" that was used in some of the earliest electronic computers, including NIST's own 1950s computer, SEAC. Those devices were fairly simple. They temporarily stored values during computation in the form of acoustic waves traveling down a column of mercury or other fluid. By contrast, the NIST micro-drum memory would exploit a mechanical form of quantum physics.
NIST scientists introduced the micro-drum in 2011. The micro-drum is embedded in a resonant circuit and can beat at different frequencies. By applying microwaves at specific frequencies, researchers can achieve rapid, reliable exchanges between the circuit's electrical energy, in the form of microwave photons (light particles), and the drum's mechanical energy in the form of phonons (units of vibration).
An applied microwave tone can cool the drum down to its lowest-energy ground state, with less than one quantum of energy -- the quantum regime, where the drum can store and convert quantum information. The same interaction transfers information from microwaves in the circuit to the drum, while converting the drum to a temporary state beating at the received frequencies. A key innovation in the latest experiments is the ability to rapidly switch the circuit-drum interactions on and off based on the intensity of the applied microwave tone.
The drum has certain practical advantages as a quantum storage device. Its size and fabrication method are compatible with the devices used for chip-based superconducting quantum bits (qubits), which might be used to represent information in quantum computers. The drum also can retain quantum information for about the same length of time as superconducting circuits can. Quantum computers would rely on the rules of quantum mechanics, nature's rules for the submicroscopic world, to potentially solve important problems that are intractable using today's technology.
In the latest experiments, the quantum information is stored in the amplitude (vertical position) and phase (horizontal position) of the microwave pulse, or waveform, similar to the way some cellular telephones work, Lehnert says. Although this is a classical approach, the experiments are quasi-quantum because the fluctuations, or "noise," in the measurements are quantum mechanical, Lehnert says.
In 8,000 tries, the research team was able to prepare, transfer, store and recapture information 65 percent of the time. This is a good level of efficiency given the early stage of global research on quantum memories; competing quantum memory devices include special crystals and, in nonsolid systems, atomic gases. In the future, researchers plan to combine qubits with the micro-drum, which could serve as either a quantum memory or as an interface between otherwise incompatible systems such as those operating at microwave and optical frequencies. The advance may benefit fundamental physics experiments, quantum information systems and precise force sensing.
The experiments were performed at JILA, a joint institute of NIST and the University of Colorado Boulder, and co-authors include physicists from NIST's Boulder campus. The research was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the National Science Foundation and NIST.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
T. A. Palomaki, J. W. Harlow, J. D. Teufel, R. W. Simmonds, K. W. Lehnert. Coherent state transfer between itinerant microwave fields and a mechanical oscillator. Nature, 2013; 495 (7440): 210 DOI: 10.1038/nature11915
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
BANGUI (Reuters) - Central African Republic rebels have seized two eastern towns and may resume an insurgency against the central government if it fails to free hundreds of political prisoners as agreed in a peace deal, a rebel spokesman said on Tuesday.
Seleka insurgents in the landlocked nation came close to capturing the capital Bangui and overthrowing President Francois Bozize late last year before striking an accord in January under which some of their leaders joined the government.
The pact, signed in Gabon's capital Libreville, saw Seleka fighters lay down their guns in exchange for a government promise to free prisoners and order the withdrawal of foreign African troops reinforcing the national army.
"President Bozize has no intention of applying the Libreville peace agreement," said Seleka spokesman Eric Massi. "If things stay like this, we will show him the consequences. We don't necessarily need to restart hostilities, but it is an option that we have not taken off the table."
He said that Seleka fighters on Monday had stormed into the eastern towns of Bangassou and Gambo, around 900 km (550 miles) from the battered riverside capital Bangui, on Monday and government troops had fled.
"The operation yesterday was aimed at securing our rear bases, because since the Libreville peace accord, President Bozize has been reinforcing his positions instead of embracing peace," he said by telephone.
ANOTHER CRISIS LOOMING?
The country remains one of the least developed in the world despite rich deposits of gold, diamonds and uranium.
The Central African Republic (CAR) government issued a statement over the radio late on Monday condemning Seleka's seizure of the two towns, saying it risked throwing the country back into crisis.
"This attack has undermined all the efforts at applying the Libreville peace deal," said the statement.
A Seleka rebel communiqu? on Tuesday accused Bozize allies in the unity government of handing out machetes and clubs to youths in the capital and encouraging them to attack suspected Seleka supporters.
It also accused security forces of illegal arrests and summary executions of political dissidents and urged the government to immediately order the withdrawal of foreign African forces.
Seleka, a coalition of five separate rebel groups, launched its insurgency in early December, accusing Bozize of reneging on a previous 2007 peace deal supposed to provide jobs and money to insurgents who laid down their weapons.
African countries - including Chad, Gabon, Cameroon and the Republic of Congo - deployed hundreds of troops to shore up Bozize's army after a string of defeats forced the army back to within 75 km (45 miles) of Bangui.
The rebels had previously insisted that Bozize's resignation was a precondition for peace and that the president, who seized power in a Chadian-backed 2003 coup, should stand trial at the International Criminal Court.
Aid groups had warned that a rebel attack on Bangui could trigger a humanitarian crisis.
CAR is one of a number of countries in the region where U.S. special forces are helping local soldiers hunt down the Lord's Resistance Army, an unrelated rebel group that has killed thousands of civilians across four nations.
(Additional reporting by Ange Aboa; Writing by Richard Valdmanis; Editing by David Lewis and Mark Heinrich)
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Atotech and CWRU to shrink wiring for smaller semiconductorsPublic release date: 12-Mar-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Kevin Mayhood kevin.mayhood@case.edu 216-368-4442 Case Western Reserve University
The world's lead manufacturer of chemicals for the metal finishing and electroplating industry has just signed a major research contract with Case Western Reserve University, aimed at developing novel chemistries and processes that will enable the manufacturing of smaller semiconductor devices than heretofore possible in routine production.
Such smaller semiconductors are critical to the fabrication of more powerful and more capable computers, phones and other electronic devices.
Atotech Deutschland GmbH, headquartered in Berlin, a global company with 4000 employees, has been collaborating with researchers at Case Western Reserve University for the past six years on developing improved chemistries and characterization techniques for advanced metallization of semiconductor devices by electroplating.
These processes provide via electroplating the nano-scale copper-wire network that distributes the current within the semiconductor device. However, as future generation devices become increasingly smaller, the electroplating technique will be reaching its limit at around 22 nanometer devices, which will soon be in commercial production.
To provide further miniaturization, Case Western Reserve University and Atotech will jointly explore the application of a metallization technology, called electroless deposition, for metalizing semiconductor features smaller than 22 nanometers.
Electroless deposition uses a chemical reaction instead of an electric current to deposit metal layers on devices such as computer chips. Since no electrical current is required to deposit the metal, stand-alone, isolated features can be metalized. The new research will address challenges such as the generation of a high-nucleation density electroless layer to assure sufficient contact and uniform deposition in extremely thin layers, only a few hundred atoms thick.
"The university has the capability to address and resolve the challenges we face in applying this technology," said Robert Preisser, Atotech's vice president in charge of semiconductor technology. "We are prepared to invest, help develop, and then implement the new technology."
Case Western Reserve and Atotech have had a long-term successful relationship. Uziel Landau, chair of the university's chemical engineering department, has worked jointly with Atotech on technology which enables them to electroplate and characterize electrochemical processes used on small scales.
"In conventional electroplating, metals are plated by passing a current" Landau said. "In semiconductor technology applications this technique works down to about 22 nanometer copper interconnect structures."
Continuing down the path of smaller devices requires a whole new technology, Preisser said.
"Electroless deposition has great potential to be used to fabricate extremely small structures that are less than 10 nanometers in size", said Rohan Akolkar, an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering. Akolkar recently joined Case Western Reserve University after spending many years at Intel's R&D division in Portland, where he led research teams focused on developing novel interconnect strategies.
"A major challenge, and opportunity, for us is to understand the complex electrochemistry in electroless deposition. This electrochemistry is key to enabling smaller, but also more reliable interconnects allowing us to extend Moore's law further" Akolkar said.
Moore's law is an observation that the number of transistors that fit on a chip doubles about every 18 months.
As they did with electroplating, the new venture will explore fundamental and applied science for fabricating the smaller semiconductors. The researchers will investigate chemicals that utilize selective reactions to precisely lay down metal layers on the nanoscale.
"During our years of collaboration, we have accomplished significant progress in the scientific understanding of the nanoscale metallization processes" Preisser said. That relationship will continue and will be further expanded, he added.
Landau said Case Western Reserve University has more faculty involved in electrochemical technology research as a major thrust than any other university in the country. They include researchers in chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, chemistry, and macromolecular science and engineering, who are often collaborating together to address multidisciplinary projects. The new research program will take advantage of these broad scientific capabilities.
"This is multidisciplinary research; one needs to understand metal structures, chemical reactions, surface interactions, and fluid dynamics," Landau said. "It's at the interface of different disciplines."
The research program will centrally involve four faculty members from chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, and the macromolecular science and engineering departments. In addition to the graduate students involved in the research, Atotech will dedicate several of its own scientists to the program, who will be on-site at Case actively participating in the research and facilitating the collaboration and communication between the university and the company.
###
Atotech employs 4,000 employees in nearly 40 countries. The company turns over $1.2 billion annually. It spends the equivalent of 10 to 12 percent of annual sales on research and development.
Case Western Reserve University is one of the country's leading private research institutions. Located in Cleveland, we offer a unique combination of forward-thinking educational opportunities in an inspiring cultural setting. Our leading-edge faculty engage in teaching and research in a collaborative, hands-on environment. Our nationally recognized programs include arts and sciences, dental medicine, engineering, law, management, medicine, nursing and social work. About 4,200 undergraduate and 5,600 graduate students comprise our student body. Visit case.edu to see how Case Western Reserve thinks beyond the possible.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Atotech and CWRU to shrink wiring for smaller semiconductorsPublic release date: 12-Mar-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Kevin Mayhood kevin.mayhood@case.edu 216-368-4442 Case Western Reserve University
The world's lead manufacturer of chemicals for the metal finishing and electroplating industry has just signed a major research contract with Case Western Reserve University, aimed at developing novel chemistries and processes that will enable the manufacturing of smaller semiconductor devices than heretofore possible in routine production.
Such smaller semiconductors are critical to the fabrication of more powerful and more capable computers, phones and other electronic devices.
Atotech Deutschland GmbH, headquartered in Berlin, a global company with 4000 employees, has been collaborating with researchers at Case Western Reserve University for the past six years on developing improved chemistries and characterization techniques for advanced metallization of semiconductor devices by electroplating.
These processes provide via electroplating the nano-scale copper-wire network that distributes the current within the semiconductor device. However, as future generation devices become increasingly smaller, the electroplating technique will be reaching its limit at around 22 nanometer devices, which will soon be in commercial production.
To provide further miniaturization, Case Western Reserve University and Atotech will jointly explore the application of a metallization technology, called electroless deposition, for metalizing semiconductor features smaller than 22 nanometers.
Electroless deposition uses a chemical reaction instead of an electric current to deposit metal layers on devices such as computer chips. Since no electrical current is required to deposit the metal, stand-alone, isolated features can be metalized. The new research will address challenges such as the generation of a high-nucleation density electroless layer to assure sufficient contact and uniform deposition in extremely thin layers, only a few hundred atoms thick.
"The university has the capability to address and resolve the challenges we face in applying this technology," said Robert Preisser, Atotech's vice president in charge of semiconductor technology. "We are prepared to invest, help develop, and then implement the new technology."
Case Western Reserve and Atotech have had a long-term successful relationship. Uziel Landau, chair of the university's chemical engineering department, has worked jointly with Atotech on technology which enables them to electroplate and characterize electrochemical processes used on small scales.
"In conventional electroplating, metals are plated by passing a current" Landau said. "In semiconductor technology applications this technique works down to about 22 nanometer copper interconnect structures."
Continuing down the path of smaller devices requires a whole new technology, Preisser said.
"Electroless deposition has great potential to be used to fabricate extremely small structures that are less than 10 nanometers in size", said Rohan Akolkar, an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering. Akolkar recently joined Case Western Reserve University after spending many years at Intel's R&D division in Portland, where he led research teams focused on developing novel interconnect strategies.
"A major challenge, and opportunity, for us is to understand the complex electrochemistry in electroless deposition. This electrochemistry is key to enabling smaller, but also more reliable interconnects allowing us to extend Moore's law further" Akolkar said.
Moore's law is an observation that the number of transistors that fit on a chip doubles about every 18 months.
As they did with electroplating, the new venture will explore fundamental and applied science for fabricating the smaller semiconductors. The researchers will investigate chemicals that utilize selective reactions to precisely lay down metal layers on the nanoscale.
"During our years of collaboration, we have accomplished significant progress in the scientific understanding of the nanoscale metallization processes" Preisser said. That relationship will continue and will be further expanded, he added.
Landau said Case Western Reserve University has more faculty involved in electrochemical technology research as a major thrust than any other university in the country. They include researchers in chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, chemistry, and macromolecular science and engineering, who are often collaborating together to address multidisciplinary projects. The new research program will take advantage of these broad scientific capabilities.
"This is multidisciplinary research; one needs to understand metal structures, chemical reactions, surface interactions, and fluid dynamics," Landau said. "It's at the interface of different disciplines."
The research program will centrally involve four faculty members from chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, and the macromolecular science and engineering departments. In addition to the graduate students involved in the research, Atotech will dedicate several of its own scientists to the program, who will be on-site at Case actively participating in the research and facilitating the collaboration and communication between the university and the company.
###
Atotech employs 4,000 employees in nearly 40 countries. The company turns over $1.2 billion annually. It spends the equivalent of 10 to 12 percent of annual sales on research and development.
Case Western Reserve University is one of the country's leading private research institutions. Located in Cleveland, we offer a unique combination of forward-thinking educational opportunities in an inspiring cultural setting. Our leading-edge faculty engage in teaching and research in a collaborative, hands-on environment. Our nationally recognized programs include arts and sciences, dental medicine, engineering, law, management, medicine, nursing and social work. About 4,200 undergraduate and 5,600 graduate students comprise our student body. Visit case.edu to see how Case Western Reserve thinks beyond the possible.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
It's been a long time since I've been a student - we still carried "books" to school and would often enter computer "clusters" where we would do "homework" on "PCs" running "Windows NT" - but I do remember the rush of being trusted with real-world projects by folks who looked at me as a cheap way to get a little work done. That's what 
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